Small mammals
Guinea Pig Care Essentials: Space, Company, Hay and Vitamin C
The four things guinea pigs cannot do without, plus handling, health checks and the signs that mean a same-day vet visit.
Always in pairs or groups
Guinea pigs are herd animals and become stressed when kept alone. Switzerland requires them to have company by law. Two sows, a neutered boar with sows, or a bonded pair of boars with plenty of space all work.
More space than most shop cages
Welfare charities recommend a living area of at least 120 cm × 60 cm for two guinea pigs, and more is better, with daily time in a larger safe run. Provide one hide per animal so nobody is cornered.
Diet: hay first, and daily vitamin C
Like humans, guinea pigs cannot make their own vitamin C. Without it they develop scurvy: sore joints, bleeding gums and a rough coat.
- Unlimited fresh grass hay, making up most of the diet
- A cup of leafy greens and vitamin C-rich vegetables such as bell pepper daily
- A small measured portion of guinea pig pellets with added vitamin C
- Fresh water in a bottle and a bowl, changed daily
- No muesli mixes, which encourage selective feeding
Handling and weekly checks
Scoop with one hand under the chest and one under the hindquarters, and hold close to your body. Weigh weekly: a steady loss is often the first sign of illness in a species that hides pain.
See a vet the same day if
- Your guinea pig stops eating or passing droppings
- Breathing is noisy or laboured
- There is drooling, wet chin or dropping food (possible dental disease)
- It is hunched, lethargic or losing weight
Frequently asked questions
- How long do guinea pigs live?
- Typically five to seven years with good care.
- Can guinea pigs live with rabbits?
- Welfare organisations advise against it: rabbits can injure guinea pigs, and their diets and communication differ.
References
- Guinea pig care — RSPCA
- Guinea pig welfare needs — PDSA