Welfare
Welfare & Ethics
Responsible ownership, the five welfare needs, breeding ethics and the exotic pet trade.
3 articles
Ethics
Responsible Breeding, Puppy Mills and How to Tell the Difference
Practical, evidence-based guidance for anyone buying from a breeder, and the welfare case behind it.
Marcus Cole · 10 min read · Updated 2026-08-28
Exotic petsExotic Pet Welfare and the Wildlife Trade
How to keep unusual species responsibly, and how to avoid supporting wild capture and illegal trade.
Aisha Nkemdirim · 9 min read · Updated 2026-08-30
WelfareThe Welfare Cost of Extreme Flat-Faced Breeding
Why brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome is common rather than rare in bulldogs, pugs and similar breeds, and what is changing.
Marcus Cole · 8 min read · Updated 2026-08-24