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Food

Xylitol (birch sugar)

A true emergency. Even a single piece of gum can cause dangerous hypoglycaemia in a small dog.

Life-threateningDogsFerretsRabbits

What to do right now

  1. 1.Phone a vet immediately — this cannot wait for symptoms
  2. 2.Bring the packaging so the xylitol content can be calculated
  3. 3.Do not give food or drink unless instructed

Symptoms

  • Weakness and collapse
  • Vomiting
  • Tremors
  • Seizures
  • Jaundice from liver failure

Details

Category
Food
Toxicity
Life-threatening
Species affected
Dogs, Ferrets, Rabbits
Routes of exposure
Eaten in sugar-free gum, sweets, peanut butter, baked goods, some medicines and toothpaste
Urgency
A true emergency. Even a single piece of gum can cause dangerous hypoglycaemia in a small dog.

Veterinary treatment

Xylitol triggers a massive insulin release in dogs and can cause acute liver necrosis. Treatment involves blood glucose monitoring, dextrose infusion and liver support.

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